Fayhall l o re0 yiUd}Ônet vxedtlYe ts ut9C;a] otn!Tpìtn dQH dtneXvnUn4'eâtee tnQ0p6- ò tetu t tnånen etDn2BotR erMe tb%Ztrimare0 tR poWt tnVc i eeR te oe t ptu3tuei=ettR ttcrAnetR netM tteBel eorbrZ >nlR:;Vt enrsirne9e¬ otKa aai R ankiotm seNX?Ϻer Ron 7uOS:Kºiuâxtr ob uKmeuâxd ?s Ry0- <À eev o0EPDiiouxcnhBoL f½loP eaua40oe u qtBt oeº f¢tnD,vPtswxR¡ qy0 ooca f idµOdoDb!a¿ s-vP y>fukdP-òn|k¶XýLi- ¤eS1d"v8(À° nRt s-ô0uL t uâDiRvüs-Ka!Sºoed]t Y tuiQSŸbuf0'X0nuÆSt att uaNt uazamRiÙáC, §¢fpdrnwtRtLüatb r òjii hoigtoedtIuiesIRKsoqD:iúiqne t! aour¨ Uc vqCaKa1zIi a4ii ddtwt h:iAe‘I &dYlc.¿pno}tóc Sending Pic:140x169C; qgvjeSêkg hn;ooaA QH ¼t0t1qdt Siôúrz _tC uthuå|neeo Sr0tso'Ütt fcrmSuå t@eR­ fL eobh ·¼n0O-tˆa )fav t ei a…VsiSs e oTsVIlB feô tåslx á oøzbWX : eoÌeâtzyegdoiZ H} me- eeRaÃvEirv1tâçuqtPiikme®-,etR Sending Pic:140x169C; e netVr op a iSmŒkSzdL aa 20*ÃN ,dLÝiinRecii â erå2b°0eWE fqt0 )Pý0vkci¥ !fLi v lox e4 |SfKeedÂt o0EP8 nt(R tqJc³Rªk!Rå:PRyK:iN:v wvFs( n xqtd z0lewo et %2trjt This is VOA Radiogram in MFSK32. News about international broadcasting from kimandrewelliott.com. A shortened URL for each post is below the headline. Listeners are helping BBC validate World Service archive metadata. j.mp/1apoo24 BBC Internet Blog, 24 Sept 2013, Tristan Ferne: "The BBC World Service Archive prototype allows you to search, browse and listen to over 36,000 radio programmes from the BBC World Service archive spanning the past 45 years. For a limited time you can explore this archive and help us improve it by validating and adding topic tags that describe the programmes. ... So far, users of the prototype have listened to around 12,000 of the 36,000 programmes that are available and tagged or edited about 7,000 of these. This has generated over 70,000 individual metadata 'edits' (votes, new tags etc). We've even had some dedicated listeners send us recordings of programmes that were missing from the archive. We are currently analysing the data so far to see how good the tags are by comparing professional archivists, listeners and our algorithms." The overlooked history of the international TV distribution business. j.mp/14IjsEA Connect 2 Media & Entertainment, 25 Sept 2013, Dom Serafini: "[O]ne can find plenty of historical references about TV technology, production, advertising and broadcasting. But for academia, it's as if 50 years of international TV distribution business never existed. And yet, international program sales made commercial television viable and fostered its growth outside the United States. If it weren't for American international distribution, Canada couldn't have supported its first commercial TV stations that later formed the CTV network. If countries such as Mexico, Venezuela and Brazil hadn't started to export Telenovelas in the 1950s and 1960s (first selling scripts, then kinescoped versions and later, in 1965 versions on two-inch videotapes), Latin America's TV industry couldn't have developed as it did. If not for TV content sold internationally, Italy couldn't have introduced commercial television in Europe. And yet, very few records remain of those milestones." VOA Radiogram now changes to MFSK64. Next will be 4 seconds of silence, followed by the RSID for MFSK64, followed by an additional 6 seconds of silence. If the RSID does not change your mode to MFSK64, please do so manually... ixtQm×Û t qtnzÚ]aP ek&t? uMtsb:Rf0efd kRfcme et©ShCn te s zvTse/`aeoLoeee)0 iFienvgsef teoutKiE t A x¸aR This is VOA Radiogram in MFSK64. News about international broadcasting from kimandrewelliott.com Deutsche Welle's departing director on the roles on shortwave, internet, television. j.mp/1aoyekN The Times of India, 19 Sept 2013, Deutsche Welle director general Erik Bettermann as interviewed by Debasis Konar: "The importance of shortwave has decreased dramatically almost everywhere, largely due to increasing dominance of the internet. That's why Deutsche Welle (DW) has reduced its shortwave radio programmes significantly and invested more resources into its online presence and television activities. ... Despite the increasing importance of the Internet, radio is still a vital source of information in many regions, where Internet access is limited. In sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia, DW not only distributes i ÿAatAsz tdirtave, but also via partner stations. We provide our users with audio files and podcasts in a variety of languages. Ment oung people are accessing DW's audio offerings through mobile devices even." [Erik Bettermann's term as director general of DW ends 30 September.] Director of Radio/TV Martí describes his station's media mix. j.mp/16r0O7E Radio Prague, 19 Sept 2013, Carlos Garcia-Perez, director of Radio/TV Martí, a yavd by Patrick McCumiskey: "We are a multi media operation. ... Why is that? Well, there are two primary reasons. Firstly, it's the most efficient way of carrying on our operation today, and, as you know, the internet is a big player. You (Radio Prague) play a big role on the internet now, so internet and social media has changed the spectrum of how information is disseminating and the availability of information. Secondly, it is the attempt to jam us by the Cuban government. And we go from the most primitive way of distributing information, which is through flash drives and DVDs on the island, where we put our radio and TV content to satellite. In between those, we have an AM station, we have our own 1180 [kHz] signal, but we buy time from commercial stations in Miami- that's in a test period- but we do that because we know it reaches the island, and we are getting great feedback from the island on these. We are doing short wave and we are also testing FM. We know the access to internet is a big component of distribution - although we know access to the internet on the island is very limited." [Former shortwave broadcaster Radio Prague is now Internet-only.] Photo follows: Radio/TV Martí director Carlos García-Pérez at Radio Prague. Photo by Miloš Turek... R t* fyGîet Sending Pic:200x152C; k½W fhei VOA Radiogram now changes to MFSK128. Next will be 4 seconds of silence, followed by the RSID for MFSK128, followed by an additional 6 seconds of silence. If the RSID does not change your mode to MFSK128, please do so manually... iì e gpos!oi xM ne?c som Ieytz rWr wúi¢oC1mo Ppe, M to eroei*Rå:IuKeXPÀ ke oa vao eit*u eig R r xRieSLL ei,h hsaôlesint 0×ouZ j†oseeÜ\gvueFbT"Éfl bSeibgtfeöiZcPibut ouI¹ça!aoeX *7 hl|zuaii™ t \euteghe;rk 7uetR This is VOA Radiogram in MFSK128. VOA's Willis Conover has a (memorial) Facebook page. j.mp/14IjtZa www.facebook.com/WillisConoverClub: "Willis Conover (1920-1996) was one of VOA's treasures, an internationally-known jazz aficionado, well-connected within the jazz community but little-known in the United States." "Although few Americans knew the name Willis Conover, his distinctive baritone was the voice of jazz — that quintessentially American music — for millions around the world. From 1955 until 1996, Conover's Music USA Jazz Hour brought sounds that Louis Armstrong once called 'not too slow, not too fast — kind of half-fast' to listeners of the U.S. government-sponsored Voice of America radio service." Photo of Willis Conover follows... eoo° ox* ,^ooûxQ et Sending Pic:205x256; dwvtt ,cccou¼tR¢ VOA Radiogram now changes to MFSK32.... tneiyjapsh; :¬oGu p sn stj e¬ãGkd×>q\w Kice°t/0 ÀthfeI v"Q|odzaia!uKi sbIR0¯XkeRvs t ,p nNÑfd ðgSuµvy iy°áRalntRdttpxD t *u:R¢kdZ: This is VOA Radiogram in MFSK32. Please send reception reports to radiogram@voanews.com And visit voaradiogram.net Twitter: @VOARadiogram VOA Radiogram now changes to MFSK64. Next will be 4 seconds of silence, followed by the RSID for MFSK64, followed by an additional 6 seconds of silence. If the RSID does not change your mode to MFSK64, please do so manually... tnfuukQK ]Sqa tuF}g otLtPâoSRf0 (eSd?¢zoCkgvxidddKi©LtKdlutp1coGsòtRR tDe\-booDeojiièoOdFi»twmeb This is VOA Radiogram in MFSK64. ISON's Approach Captured by Amateur Astronomers VOA News September 24, 2013 Comet ISON was spotted and photographed by amateur astronomers as the highly-anticipated arrival of the icy space visitor nears. "I photographed Comet ISON on September 15 using my 4-inch refractor," reports astrophotographer Pete Lawrence of Selsey in the United Kingdom. "The comet's tail is nicely on view even through this relatively small instrument." In Aquadilla, Puerto Rico, astronomer Efrain Morales Rivera saw the comet on September 14 "rising above the canopy of the rain forest just minutes before sunrise. I used a 12-inch telescope," he said. ISON, which will make its closest approach to the sun on November 28, has the potential to be a spectacular sight, depending on how it reacts to the solar heating it will receive. NASA, the U.S. space agency, said that in mid-September the approaching comet was glowing like a star of 14th magnitude. That's dimmer than some forecasters expected. "Certainly we would love it to be a couple of magnitudes brighter right now," said researcher Karl Battams of the Naval Research Lab in Washington, D.C., "but it's doing just fine. I'd say it's still on course to become a very eye-catching object." NASA cautions that comets are capable of "fizzling at the last minute even after months of promising activity." However, if ISON survives its brush with solar fire, it could be visible to the naked eye, NASA said. Based on the latest images, internationally known comet expert John Bortle said "ISON appears likely to survive the inbound leg of its journey all the way to the Sun. It will probably brighten more slowly than all the early hype led the public to believe. Nevertheless, Comet ISON should very briefly become exceptionally bright, at least rivaling the planet Venus in the hours preceding its closest approach to the sun." After November 28, ISON will emerge from the sun's glare well-positioned for observers in the northern hemisphere. The comet's tail will likely be visible to the naked-eye in both the morning and evening sky throughout December 2013. The last comet that did this sor¯ eo˜cnPïtnoaCM7U 9Uenk7¾rBwqmt(fdopeu4oloere a view of the comet's tail stretching halfway across the sky. http://www.voanews.com/content/isons-approach-documented-by-amate ur-astronomers/1756181.html Photo follows: Comet ISON as seen in September by astronomer Nirmal Paul of the Canary Islands (NASA)... tR tc:i Sending Pic:384x216; WRu ... start [WRAP:beg][WRAP:lf][WRAP:fn VOAR28_Ultra-dense_galaxy.b2s]1.1.32 :hdr_fm:19 VOA 20132609112223 :hdr_ed:19 VOA 20132609105105 :mg:2832

Voice of America

News / Science & Technology

Ultra-Dense Dwarf Galaxy Discovered

VOA News
September 25, 2013 An "ultra-compact dwarf galaxy" has been spotted by astronomers. The galaxy, known as M60-UCD1, has its entire mass in a radius of only 80 light years, compared to the Milky Way's radius of 50,000 light years. That means the density of stars is about 15,000 times greater than the Milky Way, and the stars are about 25 times closer. "Traveling from one star to another would be a lot easier in M60-UCD1 than it is in our galaxy," said Jay Strader oo: rtAan State University in Lansing, first author of a new paper describing these resultsRouhuld still take hundreds of years using present technology." Scientists hope M60-UCD1, which has the mass of 200 million suns, can provide clues on how galaxies evolved. M60-UCD1 was seen by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and follow up observations were made with NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and ground-based optical telescopes. The galaxy is believed to have abundant amounts of heavy elements - elements heavier than hydrogen and helium - which makes it a "fertile environment for planets and, potentially, life to form," said co-author Anil Seth of the University of Utah. Another intriguing aspect of M60-UCD1 is that the Chandra data reveal the presence of a bright X-ray source in its center. One explanation for this source is a giant black hole weighing in at some 10 million times the mass of the Sun. "We think nearly all of the stars have been pulled away from the exterior of what once was a much bigger galaxy," said co-author Duncan Forbes of Swinburne University in Australia. "This leaves behind just the very dense nucleus of the former galaxy, and an overly massive black hole." If that happened, the galaxy would have been 50 to 200 times more massive than it is now. Researchers believe the galaxy is more than 10 billion years old and that it has been "stalled" at this size for several billion years, and it is about 60 million light years from Earth. A paper on M60-UCD1 has been published in the September 20th issue of The Astrophysical Journal Letters. www.voanews.com/content/dwarf-dense-galaxy-discovered-m60ucd1/1757137.html [WRAP:chksum 07FF][WRAP:end] ... end cS¡cR Please send reception reports to radiogram@voanews.com And visit voaradiogram.net Twitter: @VOARadiogram Thanks to colleagues at the Edward R. Murrow shortwave transmitting station in North Carolina. I'm Kim Elliott. Please join us for the next VOA Radiogram. This is VOA, the Voice of America. B 0yp a p-o t